In one framing device, Ottoman history IS military history, or rather, the history of the Ottomans is the history of their military class. The basic division of Ottoman society into reaya and askeri ...
In 1221 on the plains of current-day Turkmenistan lay the city of Merv. The town faced a Mongol besiegement under one of Genghis Khan’s sons and opened its gates in the hopes of experiencing mercy.
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